Swasche

Swasche, auch swesche, swasher, sueschoour, suescher, swash, suesche oder sivasche,[1][2] war die spätmittelalterliche Bezeichnung für eine vermutlich große Marschtrommel in England und Schottland, die einen tiefen Klang erzeugte und verschiedentlich genutzt wurde, um Aufmerksamkeit für ein kommendes Ereignis zu erreichen sowie zur Begleitung von sportlichen Aktivitäten und militärischen Aufmärschen.[3]

Die Stadtchroniken von Basel erwähnen für 1332 den Gebrauch von Trommel und Flöte (Tabor und Schwegel). Aus einer Abrechnung des englischen Königs Heinrich VII. von 1492 geht hervor, dass um diese Zeit große schweizerische Trommeln in England geschlagen wurden. Die Abrechnung betraf 22 sweches grete tabors (mittelenglisch, „Schweizer große Trommeln“), die entweder aus der Schweiz eingeführt oder von einem Schweizer Trommelbauer in England angefertigt worden waren. In der Folgezeit kam der Ausdruck sweche häufig in englischen Quellen für eine Militärtrommel vor. In Schottland wurde diese Form der Zylindertrommel nach einem Beleg von 1533 ebenfalls in Anlehnung an ihr Ursprungsland swasche genannt.[4]

Fußnoten

„The terms swasher, sueschoour, suescher and swash, suesche, and swesche, to mean drummer and drum respectively, are extracts from the records of the Burgh of Edinburgh, published by the Scottish Burgh Records Society covering the period 1528- 1571“—Ian Turnbull. "By Tuck of Drum" in World Military Bands, The Heritage of Military Bands, Archivierte Kopie (Memento des Originals vom 3. September 2011 im Internet Archive) Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.@1@2, n. d., abgerufen am 9. September 2011.
„It is thought that the entries in the records of Jedburgh clearly show that sivasche, or swesche, is a drum, not merely an alarm drum, but applied to the common drum of the town, for in some entries the drummer and piper are ordered to go through the burgh morning and night, and in others the word swascher is used to denote the drummer. The two words are synonymous. It will also be observed from the text that the instrument used in Jedburgh was struck ("rap of the swasche"), not sounded or blown. Mr. Pitcairn hesitates as to the meaning of the word "swascher," but if swasche be a drum, swascher must be the person who used it. All the royal burghs seem to have kept a swascher for warning the inhabitants, and the city of Edinburgh two, who appear also to have performed the additional duty of attending upon the Parliament when it met in Edinburgh“—Alexander Jeffrey. 1857. The History and Antiquities of Roxburghshire and Adjacent Districts from the Most Remote Period to the Present Time. London: J. F. Hope. Vol. II, S. 190.
„In 1566 [in Aberdeen, Scotland], John Cowper received a pension of six merks a-year "for his service to be done to the towne in tyme cumming in playing upon the swesche [drum] als weill in tyme of war as in tyme of peace and sport, and play“—Gavin Turreff. 1859. Antiquarian gleanings from Aberdeenshire records. Aberdeen: George & Robert King. S. 68.
John H. Beck: Encyclopedia of Percussion. Routledge, New York 2007, S. 351

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. The authors of the article are listed here. Additional terms may apply for the media files, click on images to show image meta data.

[1] „The terms swasher, sueschoour, suescher and swash, suesche, and swesche, to mean drummer and drum respectively, are extracts from the records of the Burgh of Edinburgh, published by the Scottish Burgh Records Society covering the period 1528- 1571“—Ian Turnbull. "By Tuck of Drum" in World Military Bands, The Heritage of Military Bands, Archivierte Kopie (Memento des Originals vom 3. September 2011 im Internet Archive) Info: Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.@1@2, n. d., abgerufen am 9. September 2011.

[2] „It is thought that the entries in the records of Jedburgh clearly show that sivasche, or swesche, is a drum, not merely an alarm drum, but applied to the common drum of the town, for in some entries the drummer and piper are ordered to go through the burgh morning and night, and in others the word swascher is used to denote the drummer. The two words are synonymous. It will also be observed from the text that the instrument used in Jedburgh was struck ("rap of the swasche"), not sounded or blown. Mr. Pitcairn hesitates as to the meaning of the word "swascher," but if swasche be a drum, swascher must be the person who used it. All the royal burghs seem to have kept a swascher for warning the inhabitants, and the city of Edinburgh two, who appear also to have performed the additional duty of attending upon the Parliament when it met in Edinburgh“—Alexander Jeffrey. 1857. The History and Antiquities of Roxburghshire and Adjacent Districts from the Most Remote Period to the Present Time. London: J. F. Hope. Vol. II, S. 190.

[3] „In 1566 [in Aberdeen, Scotland], John Cowper received a pension of six merks a-year "for his service to be done to the towne in tyme cumming in playing upon the swesche [drum] als weill in tyme of war as in tyme of peace and sport, and play“—Gavin Turreff. 1859. Antiquarian gleanings from Aberdeenshire records. Aberdeen: George & Robert King. S. 68.

[4] John H. Beck: Encyclopedia of Percussion. Routledge, New York 2007, S. 351